psoriasis- A common non-infectious chronic skin disease that occurs in waves - A smooth transition from remission to relapse and vice versa. its second name ispsoriasis- it may falsely form an opinion about contagiousness, but it is not - communicating with a patient under any circumstances would not be dangerous, as it occurs for reasons not related to contagiousness, but to a person's genetic characteristics, his immune and endocrine systems.
More than 120 million people, or more than 4 percent of the population, are now suffering from this scourge.
In psoriasis, the body is coveredred inflamed plaque with silver coating, itchy and flaky. Plaques can be spread all over the body, but at the onset of the disease they usually gather in prominent areas of the body that are most likely to cause trauma -Elbows, knees, scalp, soles of feet.
A feature is also the symmetry of the speckled appearance - on the right and left.
Simply put, psoriasis isbad physical behaviorWhen exposed to environmental stimuli, the upper layers of the skin in different diseased areas suddenly die faster than healthy areas for some reason. Normally, the division and maturation process of skin cells should last 3-5 weeks, but in psoriasis this time is shortened to 4-5 days.
According to one of these classifications, psoriasis is divided into two types:
- so-calledPsoriasis Type 1Occurs due to genetic failure of the immune system. This type is observed in 65-70% of patients, about 70% of whom develop the disease before age 20.
- Psoriasis Type 2People over 40 can get sick. This type is not hereditary, and unlike type 1 psoriasis, where the rash is more on the skin, type 2 psoriasis is characterized by lesions on the nails and joints.
reason
Scientists don't have exact data on the cause of the disease. However, the results of scientific research give us optimistic hope that not only the cause of the disease but also a radical cure can be found.
Today, psoriasissystemic multifactorial disease, mostly genetic, not based on one, but many reasons. There could be multiple reasons for these,Immune failure, endocrine complications, neurological disorders, metabolic disorders, abuse of bad habits, exposure to aggressive environmental factorsYou can be a carrier of a defective gene, full of "psoriasis bombs, " but never get sick, or you can be put into a risk group where the gene doesn't have a violation because of other risk factors.
- The appearance of psoriatic plaques usually precedes theprolonged inflammatory processOn skin of bacterial or fungal nature.
- The internal provocateur of the disease may beInfection with streptococcus, parasitesDestroy the health of the entire organism.
- The cause of the disease may also be long-termrespiratory infection.
- A pattern of increased risk has been established in this body condition when production of the hormone estrogen increases -pregnancy, puberty, menopause- This allows us to assert the tragic role of hormonal imbalances in the development of psoriasis.
- Spectral analysis of blood from psoriasis patients revealsSilicon deficiencyIn vivo, this suggests a possible cause-and-effect relationship for this micronutrient deficiency.
- To a large extent, the appearance of psoriasis is also caused by some peopleDrugs, smoking, alcohol and stress.
symptom
There are several forms of psoriasis, each of which looks different:
- The most typical-plaqueThe definite red spots, which bleed when trying to remove them, affect extensor surfaces, head, lower back; and are not limited to the face, soles, and palms.
- teardrop shapeAppears suddenly at a young age with many spots, mainly after streptococcal infection.
- Pustular, in the form of painful blisters on the soles and palms of the feet.
- the most severe formGeneralized pustulesAccompanied by increased pain and fever.
- Disorganized, or psoriasis in the skin folds - with it, the rash is observed in the large folds of the body: in the groin area, below the mammary glands.
- Erythroderma- A severe form of psoriasis with fever and redness all over the body.
The symptoms of this disease are similar to those of another disease - pink lichen. Therefore, it is very important to consult a specialist before starting treatment.
stages of psoriasis
Staging of psoriasis, especially chronic pathology, determining sensitivity to treatment and selection of management strategies, is important for diagnosis.
Psoriasis is characterized by a 3-stage wave course:
stageprogressive (or initial)Indicates that the disease has begun to worsen, with the following clinical symptoms:
- New characteristic papules appear on prominent parts of the body, mostly symmetrically distributed.
- These spots merge with each other to form silver patches.
- Small scales that peel off on the surface of the plaque.
- presenceCobner phenomenon, where any damage to healthy areas of the skin turns into psoriatic plaques.
The main hallmark of psoriasis progression is the presence of plaque-free plaque margins, so-called hyperemic margins, because new scales cannot keep up with the spread of inflammation.
stagestationaryIt was established with a reduction in skin inflammation, indicating the correctness of the treatment. At this stage, the appearance of new papules is not fixed, the existing plaques do not enlarge, and the scales cover the entire surface of the plaques with no margins.
stageretrogressive- The most pleasant "wave" of the psoriasis process, when the deterioration is defeated and the treatment is aimed at preventing new manifestations.
Signs of psoriasis subsidence:
- Radial skin lines and small folds appear around the plaque - so-calledpseudoatrophic border.
- The flaking disappears densely.
- The plaques become light or dark patches on the skin.
treat
Treatment of psoriasis requires a highly qualified and individualized approach.
Everything is taken into account: age, general clinical indicators of health, occupation, personal characteristics, habits, mental state, and localization of the disease.
According to the course of the disease,systemic,Localor treatmenttool method.
systemic therapy
Systemic therapy is required in severe psoriasis or when topical therapy fails. Include the following medicines:Cytostatics, glucocorticoids, antihistamines, hepatoprotective drugs, monoclonal antibodies.
topical treatment
Topical therapy is acceptable in all cases of psoriasis and as an adjunct to other treatments. It can be achieved through the use of hormonal or non-hormonal agents. In this treatment, topicalGlucocorticoids,cytostaticIn the form of ointments, herbs,moisturizerandKeratolyticsAlso, it is common to treat psoriasis with folk methods.
device therapy
tool methodSpecified where a differentiated and strictly individualized approach is required. The doctor prescribed various procedures-UV irradiation of inflamed skin, laser therapy, selective and photochemotherapy, blood purification methods.
Everyone should remember that the sooner you spot symptoms and get diagnosed with the stage of psoriasis by your doctor, the more successfully you will be able to quell a surging attack.